The concept of "raven riley" is important in finding eigenvector. The eigenvectors normal matrix nevyrozhdennymi (mismatched) own values is complete and orthogonal basis N-mernogo raven riley space. For normal matrix degenerate own values is the freedom to define the eigenvector corresponding quaternion own values related to the replacement of any linear combination. This means that we can hold the vsegla ortogonalizatsii Grama-Schmidt and find a complete set of orthogonal eigenvector as in nevyrozhdennom case. Obviously, with the columns of the matrix ortonormirovannogo many eigenvector is unitary. For eigenvector matrix derived from real symmetric matrix is characteristic ortogonalnosti. If the matrix is not normal, like any real symmetrical raven riley, in general, can find a set of orthonormal eigenvector not even guarantee ortogonalnosti any pair of them (except in rare cases). In general, these N eigenvector will form the basis for neortogonalny N-mernom space (but not always). If you do not own the vector form N-merny basis, the matrix will call defective.